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This is a another classic chart to understand how modes are built by comparing them to the major scale staring from the same note…you’ll see right away how D Dorian is a minor mode and how it differs from D major scale.

Printable PDF: Modes Pt3

C Ionian = C major by constitution and it is a Major mode. 

D Dorian 

As you can see the difference here is that the Dorian mode has the minor 3^rd (F natural instead of F#) and the minor 7^th (C natural).  The Dorian Mode is a Minor mode

 
E Phrygian 

Here not only we can see the minor 3^rd and the minor 7^th but also the minor 6^th and 2^nd . This last note gives the characteristic sound to this mode. This is a minor mode.

 
F Lydian 

A major mode with the raised 4^th (Bb raised to B natural). Quite an interesting sound, used a lot for its dream like qualities.

 
G Mixolydian

This is called a major dominant mode, the characteristic note is the minor 7^th on a major scale.

 
A Aeolian

This mode is also known as Relative minor or Natural minor. Has a minor 3^rd, minor 6^th and 7th

B Locrian

Maybe not as popular as the other modes, but used quite a lot in many jazz standards and similar tunes this is a minor mode with minor 2^nd , 3^rd, 6^th and 7^th. Also the characteristic note is the diminished 5^th, that makes this mode one of kind among those from the major scale.